TY - JOUR
T1 - Influence of common orthodontic appliances on the diagnostic quality of cranial magnetic resonance images
AU - Elison, J. Matthew
AU - Leggitt, V. Leroy
AU - Thomson, Matthew
AU - Oyoyo, Udo
AU - Wycliffe, N. Dan
N1 - Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008 Oct;134(4):563-72. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2006.10.038. Evaluation Studies
PY - 2008/10
Y1 - 2008/10
N2 - Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate cranial magnetic resonance (MR) image distortion caused by various orthodontic brackets. Methods: Ten subjects received 5 consecutive cranial MR scans. A control scan was conducted with Essix trays (GAC International, Bohemia, NY) fitted over the maxillary and mandibular teeth. Four experimental MR scans of the head were conducted with plastic, ceramic, titanium, and stainless steel brackets incorporated into the Essix tray material. Each MR scan consisted of 4 sequences: sagittal T1-weighted spin echo (T1 sagittal), axial T2-weighted spin echo (T2 axial), gradient echo, and diffusion-weighted imaging. Three board-certified neuroradiologists examined the MR images for distortion in predetermined regions of the head. Results: The paired Wilcoxon signed rank test showed a statistically significant difference between the mean distortion scores of stainless steel brackets and the mean distortion scores of the other experimental MR scans (P <0.0001). Interrater and intrarater agreement was high (kappa statistic and associated 95% confidence intervals). Conclusions: The study showed that plastic, ceramic, and titanium brackets cause minimal distortion of cranial MR images (similar to the control). On the other hand, stainless steel brackets cause significant distortion, rendering several cranial regions nondiagnostic. Areas with the most distortion were the body of the mandible, the hard palate, the base of the tongue, the globes, the nasopharynx, and the frontal lobes. In general, the closer the stainless steel appliance was to a specific anatomic region, the greater the distortion of the MR image.
AB - Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate cranial magnetic resonance (MR) image distortion caused by various orthodontic brackets. Methods: Ten subjects received 5 consecutive cranial MR scans. A control scan was conducted with Essix trays (GAC International, Bohemia, NY) fitted over the maxillary and mandibular teeth. Four experimental MR scans of the head were conducted with plastic, ceramic, titanium, and stainless steel brackets incorporated into the Essix tray material. Each MR scan consisted of 4 sequences: sagittal T1-weighted spin echo (T1 sagittal), axial T2-weighted spin echo (T2 axial), gradient echo, and diffusion-weighted imaging. Three board-certified neuroradiologists examined the MR images for distortion in predetermined regions of the head. Results: The paired Wilcoxon signed rank test showed a statistically significant difference between the mean distortion scores of stainless steel brackets and the mean distortion scores of the other experimental MR scans (P <0.0001). Interrater and intrarater agreement was high (kappa statistic and associated 95% confidence intervals). Conclusions: The study showed that plastic, ceramic, and titanium brackets cause minimal distortion of cranial MR images (similar to the control). On the other hand, stainless steel brackets cause significant distortion, rendering several cranial regions nondiagnostic. Areas with the most distortion were the body of the mandible, the hard palate, the base of the tongue, the globes, the nasopharynx, and the frontal lobes. In general, the closer the stainless steel appliance was to a specific anatomic region, the greater the distortion of the MR image.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ajodo.2006.10.038
DO - 10.1016/j.ajodo.2006.10.038
M3 - Article
C2 - 18929275
SN - 0889-5406
VL - 134
SP - 563
EP - 572
JO - American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
JF - American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
IS - 4
ER -